Before a DNA test, check what it actually measures.

Not a whole genome or diagnosis; medical findings require confirmation.

A broad DTC report is not a diagnostic work-up; WGS does not guarantee detection of every variant class.

An estimate does not determine nationality; percentages are probabilistic and reference-dependent.

A negative exome does not rule out a genetic cause; phenotype and family design matter.

‘Over 99% of DNA read’ does not mean 99% clinical sensitivity.

A VUS is not a diagnosis; detailed phenotype and family analysis are preferable.

Do not conflate with somatic tumour profiling; a negative result does not erase family risk.

NIPT is screening, not diagnosis; high-risk findings require diagnostic confirmation.

A tumour-only result does not establish inherited origin; separate confirmation may be needed, and a variant does not guarantee treatment benefit.

Not medical diagnostics; every claim and recommendation requires separate evaluation.

FDA review applies only to specific reports; the test does not cover every variant.

Not a medical test; estimates can change as models and databases update.

Not a diagnosis; matches and ethnicity estimates are probabilistic.

Not medical diagnostics; relationship degree is an estimate.

Does not diagnose cancer; a negative result does not override family history.

A VUS does not determine prevention or treatment; the test does not diagnose current cancer.

Screening does not establish a diagnosis; a positive result requires CVS/amniocentesis.

A negative result leaves residual risk and does not exclude every variant.

Partners’ results are interpreted together; residual risk remains.

Not a germline test; not every finding is a companion-diagnostic result.

A negative plasma result can be non-informative; tissue testing may be needed.

Regulatory status is version- and indication-specific; a negative result may require tissue.

Additional reported alterations are not automatically a basis for therapy.

Does not determine a diagnosis or ‘best medicine’ and does not replace clinical evaluation.

Does not select a medicine automatically and does not cover every variant or interaction.

A negative result does not rule out a genetic cause; family design and phenotype affect interpretation.

Exome is limited for deep intronic variants, repeats, some SVs and mosaicism.

A research programme, not a replacement for public screening; positive findings are confirmed.